A blog of my tube amp design and modification work. Primarily my own builds, but occasionally I feature work I've done on others' amps (with their permission.)

Sunday, March 24, 2013

The Zener Trick

After a little more digging I found out that the reversed zener diode trick was actually patented back in 1963. (Found this out somewhere in the old Ampage archive, no luck finding it again since.) It's still pretty new in the guitar amp world - pretty sure no mass-production amps use it and apart from a handful of small hobby builders (Chuck H at M-E-F says he put it in a prototype amp he built for Dean Markley) it's unheard of.

Just goes to show how behind-the-times guitar tube amp builders are! Then again, I doubt the guys who patented it back in '63 had any idea it would make 'better' non-linearity, which is the other issue with tube guitar amps - it's uncharted territory, at least from an academic standpoint.

Richard Kuehnel (of ampbooks.com) in his book on power amps proposes that while we think of (nearly all) tube guitar amps as operating in class AB1, they should really be labelled differently considering the power tubes are routinely driven past the point where grid conduction would begin if only there were something connected to the grid to supply the current. There isn't a current source though, just a capacitor to charge up quickly and drain slowly leading to delicious farting sounds.

What I'm trying to get at is this whole tube guitar thing is nuts. We have mountains of information on how to build hi-fi tube amplifiers and we can do all the math, plot the load lines and figure out dissipation, harmonic content, linearity... but an equal part (even the greater part for many modders) is just playing it by ear, literally. But then, of course, the educated guesses are usually far more productive and innovative than the blind guesses, which is how an idea novel enough to be patented fifty years ago is still novel today.

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